While tensions along the India-Pakistan border have momentarily eased, a more enduring conflict is unfolding deep within global import-export supply chains far from the eyes of soldiers and sensors. The recent standoff, which saw India activating its air defense systems and heightening electronic surveillance, has exposed a critical vulnerability: India’s overwhelming reliance on imported cobalt to power its next-generation defense platforms. From precision-guided missiles to stealth aircraft and advanced naval systems, cobalt plays an indispensable role. But currently, India sources nearly all of its cobalt from abroad largely from China highlighting a strategic gap in its import-export supply chain management. “Cobalt is
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